ABCD audit of young people living with type 2 diabetes

Audit Lead

  • Dr Shivani Misra, Clinical Associate Professor, Imperial College London

Audit Co-Leads

  • Dr Emma Wilmott, University of Nottingham
  • Professor Kamlesh Khunti, University of Leicester
  • Professor Sarah Wild, University of Edinburgh
  • Dr Rustam Rea, OCDEM, Oxford
  • Professor Ketan Dhatariya, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals
  • Dr Ben Field, University of Surrey
  • Dr Sheba Jarvis, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

Background

Early-onset type 2 diabetes (diagnosed <40 years) is rising rapidly in the UK and globally, particularly in high- and middle-income countries. These individuals often present with more aggressive disease, higher rates of obesity, complications, and earlier mortality, but there is limited real-world data on diagnosis and management.

This audit aims to characterise the clinical phenotype, diagnostic certainty, management strategies and outcomes in this high-risk group, with a focus on secondary care.

Governance

This national audit is registered with Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust. Approval has been granted for the collection and analysis of de-identified, fully anonymised data in accordance with NHS information governance standards. 

Aims of the Audit

  1. To describe the clinical characteristics and diagnostic pathways for children and young adults with type 2 diabetes.
  2. To assess cardiovascular risk factor management and the burden of complications.
  3. To gather real-world data to inform clinical practice and improve outcomes.

Eligibility

  • Individuals aged <40 years
  • Clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
  • Seen in paediatric or adult diabetes services

     

Routine anonymised clinical data will be collected by healthcare professionals and entered into a secure online audit tool. The tool will collect:

  • Demographics: age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation index, family history
  • Diagnostic confidence: clinical presentation, c-peptide, autoantibodies
  • Clinical parameters: HbA1c, BMI, blood pressure, lipids, urine ACR
  • Current treatment: glucose-lowering therapies, statins, antihypertensives
  • Complications: microvascular, macrovascular, psychological morbidity
  • Healthcare utilisation: hospital admissions, clinic attendance
     

Further information